原標題：哈佛大學下架人皮書 該書充滿了道德爭議

　　你有沒有想過人皮竟然還能用來裝訂書籍？！

　　近日，哈佛大學從其圖書館收藏的一本19世紀書籍中移除了人皮裝訂。

　　《Des Destinées de l'Ame》（《靈魂的命運》）自 20 世紀 30 年代以來一直收藏在霍頓圖書館。2014 年，科學家確定該書的裝訂材料實際上是人類的皮膚。

　　Harvard University has removed the binding of human skin from a 19th Century book kept in its library.

　　Des Destinées de l'Ame (Destinies of the Soul) has been housed at Houghton Library since the 1930s.

　　In 2014, scientists determined that the material it was bound with was in fact human skin.

　　《Des Destinées de l'Ame》是阿爾塞納-胡薩耶（Arsène Houssaye）在 1880 年代中期寫的一本關于靈魂和死后生活的沉思錄。

　　據(jù)說，他將這本書交給了他的朋友、醫(yī)生路德維克-布蘭德（Ludovic Bouland）博士，后者隨后用一位無人認領、自然死亡的女病人身上的皮膚裝訂了這本書。

　　Des Destinées de l'Ame is a meditation on the soul and life after death, written by Arsène Houssaye in the mid-1880s.

　　He is said to have given it to his friend, Dr Ludovic Bouland, a doctor, who then reportedly bound the book with skin from the body of an unclaimed female patient who had died of natural causes.

　　小編真是瑟瑟發(fā)抖

　　幸好哈佛大學已經(jīng)決定進行移除

　　哈佛大學解釋到："經(jīng)過仔細研究、利益相關者的參與和考慮，哈佛圖書館和哈佛博物館藏品歸還委員會得出結論，由于該書的起源和后來的歷史充滿了道德爭議，因此該書裝訂中使用的人體遺骸不再屬于哈佛圖書館的藏品。

　　Harvard University explained its decision to remove the binding, saying: "After careful study, stakeholder engagement, and consideration, Harvard Library and the Harvard Museum Collections Returns Committee concluded that the human remains used in the book's binding no longer belong in the Harvard Library collections, due to the ethically fraught nature of the book's origins and subsequent history."

　　用人皮裝訂書籍的做法早在 16 世紀就有報道，被稱為 "anthropodermic bibliopegy"。19 世紀有許多關于將被處決的罪犯尸體捐獻給科學界的報道，這些尸體的皮膚后來被送給了書籍裝訂者。

　　西蒙-查普林（Simon Chaplin）曾在2014年擔任惠康圖書館（Wellcome Library）館長，該圖書館藏有醫(yī)學史方面的書籍： "這些書的數(shù)量并不多，只是偶爾為之，主要是為了產(chǎn)生一種代入感，而非實際動機。

　　"一般來說，這種做法似乎是在19世紀，由那些有機會解剖人體的醫(yī)生所為"。

　　The practice of binding books in human skin - termed anthropodermic bibliopegy - has been reported since as early as the 16th Century.

　　Numerous 19th Century accounts exist of the bodies of executed criminals being donated to science, with their skins later given to bookbinders.

　　Simon Chaplin, who in 2014 was head of the Wellcome Library, which holds books on medical history, told the BBC at the time: "There are not a huge number of these books out there, it has been an occasional practice mainly done for generating a sense of vicarious excitement than for a practical motive.

　　"It generally seems to have been done in the 19th Century by doctors who had access to human bodies for dissection."

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